Himalayan Art Resources

Item: Yama Dharmaraja (Buddhist Protector) - Four Armed

གཤིན་རྗེ་ཆོས་རྒྱལ། 阎罗法王
(item no. 58534)
Origin Location Tibet
Date Range 1700 - 1799
Lineages Gelug and Buddhist
Material Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton
Collection Private
Notes about the Central Figure

Classification: Deity

Appearance: Wrathful

Gender: Male

Interpretation / Description

Yama Dharmaraja with Four Arms.

At the top center of the composition is Arapachana Manjushri, orange in colour, holding a sword upraised. On the left and right sides are four Tibetan teacher wearing monastic robes and pandita hats.

Yama Dharmaraja has a fearsome buffalo head, a body blue in colour, four arms and two legs. He holds a skull stick, sword, length of chain and a writhing snake. The head and body are adorned with a five skull crown, a snake necklace and bracelets, a garland of freshly severed heads and other wrathful vestments. Standing atop a prone buffalo he is surrounded by orange and red flames of pristine awareness fire.

Surrounding the central figure are two blue attendants in raksha appearance. Slightly below are two nine-headed figures. At the upper right and left are the ten worldly gods such as Vishnu, Shiva and Indra. At the bottom right and left are the eight great Naga Kings. Directly below the central figure are various worldly gods, all in peaceful appearance.

Jeff Watt 2-2019

Related Items
Thematic Sets
Buddhist Protector: Yama Dharmaraja (Four Armed)
Painting Set: Gelug Protectors (Black Ground 2)
Buddhist Protector: Yama Dharmaraja Main Page
Buddhist Protector: Yama Dharmaraja (All Forms Masterworks)
Collection: Private XV (Painting)
Iconography: Complex Specific Topics