Himalayan Art Resources

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Painting: Repeated Figures Composition Main Page - Updated

The Repeated Figures Main Page has been updated with additional images.


Repeated images surrounding a central figure are common in Himalayan and Tibetan art. The images of paintings found on this page are only a selection from some of the larger museum collections on the HAR website. The majority of such paintings are late productions, post 17th century. These paintings do however create some confusion when looking at earlier, pre-17th century, paintings which principally employ the use of registers. A confusion over dating can arise when thinking that all paintings with registers are early and all paintings with floating figures and landscape are late

Painting Set: Eighty-four Mahasiddhas - Added

A painting set depicting a large central figure in each composition with at least six of the Eighty-four Mahasiddhas per composition. In working out the numbers of mahasiddhas and the number of compositions then this should be a fifteen painting set. Five of the compositions depict the Five Forms of Tsongkapa. The Milarepa figure at the center of the second painting indicates that it is most likely that the other compositions would depict a selection of famous Tibetan religious teachers.

Eleven Types of Deities in Himalayan Art - Added

In Himalayan style art there are basically Eleven Types of Deity Appearance. The first five appearances are the same as those found in the Eleven Figurative Forms which describe all figurative forms - persons and deities. Those first five are the main types of deity appearance in Himalayan art and the most common. The additional six are minor forms of deity appearance and include (6) Universal Appearance, (7) Layered Appearance (Deities & Figures), (8) Stacked Appearance, (9) Ithyphallic Appearance, (10) Androgynous & Gender Reversed Appearance and (11) Weird Gods & Fantastical Appearance.

Stacked Deities - Added

Stacked Deities are an unusual iconographic form where two or more deities are stacked one above the other. Often they are sitting around the neck of the deity below or standing on the shoulders. Stacked deities are found in both Hindu, Bon and Buddhist iconography.